International Workshop on 3D Concrete Printing in Construction

The International Workshop on 3D Concrete Printing, held at IIT Bombay in March 2024, showcased recent advancements and future trends in the field. Organized by ICI Mumbai Centre, the workshop featured live demos and hands-on sessions, providing participants with practical insights into 3D printing processes and techniques. The event facilitated knowledge exchange among researchers, practitioners, and industry professionals, promoting networking and collaboration among academia, industry, and government agencies.


According to Vishal Thombare, Chairman, and Er. Sanjay A. Almelkar, Secretary of ICI Mumbai Centre, the objectives of this workshop were to foster discussions on the latest advancements, trends, and innovations in 3D printing technology, providing hands-on experience with 3D printing processes and techniques. The event aimed to encourage collaboration among participants from various sectors, address current challenges, and explore future opportunities in 3D concrete printing for the construction industry.

Key Presentations and Discussions

Potential of 3D Printing to Transform Building & Construction: Dr. Biranchi Panda, IIT Guwahati

Dr. Panda discussed the significant potential of 3D printing in reducing costs, improving productivity, and limiting environmental impacts by using less material. He highlighted the need for no slump concrete and the challenges related to material properties and the absence of reinforcement in printed concrete. His research focuses on improving printer performance, developing optimization algorithms, and using Numerical Concrete for designing new printable types of concrete.

Print, Heat, and Reinforce: Role of 3D Concrete Printing in Structural Engineering: Dr. Manish Kumar, IIT Gandhinagar

Dr. Kumar emphasized the advantages of 3D concrete printing, such as reduced construction time and enhanced design flexibility. He discussed the challenges of achieving adequate bonding between layers and the development of methods for printing with low initial yield strength. He also shared insights into the development of 3D printed concrete bunkers for the Indian Army.

Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Concrete: RILEM 304-ADC Interlaboratory Study: Dr. Freek Bos, TUM School of Engineering and Design

Dr. Bos provided an overview of a comprehensive interlaboratory study conducted by RILEM TC 304-ADC, focusing on the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete. The study aimed to understand the impact of manufacturing process parameters on key mechanical properties, highlighting the need for a more extensive theoretical framework to explain the variability in outcomes.

Opportunities and Challenges in 3D Printed Concrete: A Structural Engineering Perspective: Dr. Najeeb Shariff Mohammad

Dr. Mohammad discussed the potential of 3D printed concrete technology to revolutionize the construction industry. He brought attention to material behavior, stability during and after printing, and existing reinforcement strategies for constructing tall structures. He highlighted the advantages of topology optimization and the need for a design approach based on mechanics principles rather than extensive testing, and emphasized the need for developing a code for 3DPC in India.

3D Concrete Printing Implementation in Indian Construction Projects: S. Lakshmi Narayanan, Larsen & Toubro

Narayanan outlined the process and advantages of 3D concrete printing, such as automation, productivity, design freedom, and sustainability. He discussed L&T's developments in concrete mix design, printing variables control, and the integration of rebar and MEP conduits in printed structures.

World View on 3D Concrete Printing: Simon Klint Bergh, COBOD International

Simon provided a comprehensive global perspective on the adoption of 3D concrete printing technology. He highlighted groundbreaking projects undertaken using COBOD Construction 3D Printers and emphasized the potential for larger-scale applications. He underscored the synergy of technology and visionary thinking in shaping the future of construction, illustrating how innovative projects around the world are driving significant advancements in the field.

Printing Systems and Importance of System Configuration for On-site Printing: Thejas Narayanan, Merlin Automation Solutions

Narayanan elaborated on the composition of onsite printing system and the importance of peripheral machineries. He discussed the challenges in configuring the right system for different projects and possibilities in the next generation of machines. He also introduced the Weaver Printer from Merlin Automation Solutions and its suitability for G+2 3D printed buildings.

Live Demonstrations

The workshop included live demonstrations of 3D printing processes, offering participants practical insights into the techniques and applications of 3D concrete printing.

Conclusion

The International Workshop on 3D Concrete Printing at IIT Bombay successfully highlighted the transformative potential of 3D printing technology in the construction industry. The event provided valuable insights into the latest advancements, challenges, and opportunities in 3D concrete printing, fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange among participants.

With continued innovation and research, 3D concrete printing is poised to revolutionize the construction industry, offering significant benefits in terms of cost, productivity, and sustainability.